In this paper current author proposes a need for studying intricate differences between psychological aspects, factors, cognitions, affect, behaviour and related dynamics. It can be promoted as a separate branch within the domain of Psychology as Intricacy Psychology. Case history taking for the new Intervention Meditation of current author is proposed in line with capturing such intricacies of the client. The current also proposes to study the intricacies belonging to ‘Self’ as an important factor within his new Intervention Meditation approach. (...) View of Self in line with current author’s new Intervention Meditation is also outlined. This paper is at the initial stage of the series of papers planned to develop his new Intervention Meditation approach which is entirely different from all other meditations in vogue. (shrink)

In this paper, a new Intervention Meditation approach is outlined by the current author. To overcome lack of clarity in defining meditation, a new universal Operational definition of meditation is proposed with elaborative explanation. The new meditation approach has multitude of deeper concepts from Bhagavad Gita and modern psychology and the expert / Guru of the proposed method must be a qualified and experienced before getting trained on this approach specifically. This paper elevates meditation from a casual approach level to (...) a separate systematic branch of psychology level. (shrink)

Individuals come across extreme Uncertainty situations, feeling rounded–up 360 degrees, as if trapped inside Chakra Vyuha (wheel form strategy). For uncertainty is often related to future, the concept of Future Time perspective (FTP) is relied upon for attaining positive states. But FTP is a critical factor which works both positively and negatively depending on other factors intervening. For politicians and businessmen such states of being trapped in Chakra Vyuha, can mean end of their political life or business life. In the (...) current paper, the author describes the introspection of a Subject while he attempted to alter his Future Time perspective. This introspective report further gave clue for Merged Time Perspective or Seamless Time Horizon instead of FTP and also that Regulatory Focus and Resistance To Change need to be combined, coalesced and treated on a single continuum. Current author also has proposed a therapy outline to help businessmen and politicians to come out of devastating situations in which they feel rounded – up by opponents 360 degrees. (shrink)

Security is a major concern on the internet, and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are a significant threat. These attacks overwhelm network resources and use up bandwidth, making it difficult for legitimate users to access services. One challenge in dealing with DDoS attacks is telling the difference between a sudden increase in traffic from real users, known as a "flash crowd," and actual attack traffic. This paper looks at different existing solutions for detecting DDoS attacks and explains how these (...) methods help reduce their impact. As more businesses move to cloud-based services, the risk of DDoS attacks has increased. These attacks can seriously disrupt organizations by overloading their network resources and making important services unavailable. Traditional defense methods, like firewalls, are no longer enough to handle the scale and complexity of modern DDoS attacks. To address this issue, We propose a new approach that utilizes the implementation of deep learning models to detect DDoS attacks in cloud environments. Our method uses various features from network traffic to train machine learning algorithms, aiming to effectively identify DDoS attacks in real-time with high accuracy. (shrink)

The integration of Internet Protocol and Embedded Systems can enhance the communication platform. This paper describes the emerging smart technologies based on Internet of Things (IOT) and internet protocols along with embedded systems for monitoring and controlling smart devices with the help of WiFi technology and web applications. The internet protocol (IP) address has been assigned to the things to control and operate the devices via remote network that facilitates the interoperability and end-to-end communication among various devices c,onnected over a (...) network. The HTTP POST and HTTP GET command that supports the RESTful service have been used to ensure the transmission and reception of packets between the IOT Gateway and Cloud Database. The emerging smart technologies based on the Internet of Things (IoT) facilitated features like automation, controllability, interconnectivity, reliability which in turn turn paved the way for a wide range of acceptance amongst the masses. The Internet of Things (IoT) has brought in many new emerging technologies into varoius field like our daily lives, industry, agricultural sector, and many more. The world is experiencing the explosive growth with the advent of Internet of Things (IoT) these years. The potential growth of IoT is enoromous which is evidenced by all the human beings in our day to day life. (shrink)

There is a common sense in which words like person or personhood, autonomy, agency and responsibility are used. Talking of these terms merely as words does not reveal the essence of the term. Therefore, these terms have to be treated as concepts and this paper intends to talk about the use of these concepts with a greater philosophical interest with reference to Harry G. Frankfurt’s philosophy of action.

The “scarred villain” trope, where facial differences like scars signify moral corruption, is ubiquitous in film (e.g., Batman’s The Joker). Strides by advocacy groups to undermine the trope, however, suggest cinematic representations of facial differences could be improving with time. This preregistered study characterized facial differences in film across cultures (US vs. India) and time (US: 1980-2019, India: 2000-2019). Top-grossing films by country and decade were screened for characters with facial differences. We found that the scarred villain trope has actually (...) worsened with time, although in tandem with progress in also representing non-villainous characters with facial anomalies. Country of origin did not predict the presence of facial differences in villains or heroes. “Action” and “fantasy” movies were the most likely genres to depict villains with facial differences. Finally, villains’ facial differences crossed more facial subunits and were more likely to involve lips, chin, and mandible than when present in heroes. Our findings underscore the need for critical reflection on the role of cultural practices—even when seemingly innocuous—in shaping and maintaining negative biases against already stigmatized groups. (shrink)

An introduction to the notion of possible worlds and the problems related to it.

The Principle of Identity of Indiscernibles (PII) is the focus of much controversy in the history of Metaphysics and in contemporary Physics. Many questions rover the debate about its truth or falsehood, for example, to which objects the principle applies? Which properties can be counted as discerning properties? Is the principle necessary? In other words, which version of the principle is the correct and is this version true? This thesis aims to answer this questions in order to show that PII (...) is a necessarily true principle of metaphysics. To accomplish this task, the reader will find, in this thesis, an encyclopaedical introduction to the history of PII and to the reasons it matters so much, followed by a presentation of the most famous arguments against it and the defences used against these arguments. Then, the reader finds in-depth discussion of the minutiae involved in postulating the principle as to make clear what is in fact being attacked and defended. With these preliminaries solved, a deeper analysis of these defences is presented aiming to discover which is the most appropriate example to use against the attacks to the principle. This analysis allowed a classification of these defences in four families with different strategies within them. Finally, with these defensive strategies at hand we are able to confront alleged counterexamples to PII in Mathematics with the intention to test these defences. (shrink)

This booklet on Active Assisted Living (AAL) technologies has been created as part of the GoodBrother COST Action, which has run from 2020 to 2024. COST Actions are European research programs that promote collaboration across borders, uniting researchers, professionals, and institutions to address key societal challenges. GoodBrother focused on ethical and privacy concerns surrounding video and audio monitoring in care settings. The aim was to ensure that while AAL technologies help older adults and vulnerable individuals, their privacy and data protection (...) rights remain a top priority. This booklet is designed to guide you through the role that AAL technologies play in improving the quality of life for older adults, caregivers, and people with disabilities. AAL technologies offer tools for those facing cognitive or physical challenges. They can enhance independence, assist with daily routines, and promote a safer living environment. However, the rise of these technologies also brings important questions about data protection and user autonomy. (shrink)

Este manual sobre tecnologías para un envejecimiento activo y saludable, también conocido como Vida Asistida Activa (Active Assisted Living – AAL en sus siglas en inglés), ha sido creado como parte de la Acción COST GoodBrother, que se ha llevado a cabo desde 2020 hasta 2024. Las Acciones COST son programas de investigación europeos que promueven la colaboración internacional, uniendo a investigadores, profesionales e instituciones para abordar desafíos sociales importantes. GoodBrother se ha centrado en las cuestiones éticas y de privacidad (...) relacionadas con la monitorización empleando cámaras y micrófonos en entornos de provisión de cuidados. El objetivo ha sido garantizar que, mientras las tecnologías AAL ayudan a las personas mayores y a los individuos vulnerables, sus derechos de privacidad y protección de datos se mantengan como una prioridad. Este manual está diseñado para guiar en el papel que juegan las tecnologías AAL en la mejora de la calidad de vida de personas mayores, sus cuidadores y personas con discapacidades. Las tecnologías AAL ofrecen herramientas para quienes enfrentan desafíos cognitivos o físicos. Pueden mejorar la independencia, asistir en las rutinas diarias y promover un entorno de vida más seguro. Sin embargo, el aumento de estas tecnologías también plantea preguntas importantes sobre la protección de datos y la autonomía del usuario. A~través de estudios de casos prácticos, este manual explora escenarios reales en los que se aplican las tecnologías AAL. Ofrecen información sobre sus beneficios y desafíos. Se discuten situaciones en las que personas mayores han recuperado su sentido de independencia, por ejemplo, mediante el uso de sistemas de detección de caídas o dispositivos de monitorización de salud. Estas historias ofrecen una perspectiva humana de la tecnología, mostrando cómo pueden mejorar el bienestar mientras plantean cuestiones sobre la privacidad y el uso ético. El manual también destaca la importancia de tomar decisiones informadas al elegir e implementar sistemas AAL. Se enfatiza la~necesidad de que estas tecnologías equilibren seguridad y conveniencia con respeto a los derechos individuales. Encontrará información sobre cuestiones clave, incluyendo cómo seleccionar dispositivos adecuados, gestionar la configuración de privacidad y garantizar que la tecnología se integre de manera fluida en la vida diaria. Además de estos casos de estudio, el manual aborda temas importantes, como la seguridad de los datos, las consideraciones éticas y el papel de las normativas europeas, como el Reglamento General de Protección de Datos (RGPD), en la protección de la privacidad del usuario. Comprender estos aspectos es esencial para asegurar que los sistemas AAL no solo sean efectivos, sino también respetuosos de los derechos y la dignidad de los usuarios. Este recurso está destinado a una amplia audiencia, incluidos usuarios finales, cuidadores, profesionales de la salud y responsables de políticas. Proporciona orientación práctica sobre cómo integrar las tecnologías AAL en entornos de cuidados mientras se protege la privacidad y se garantiza un uso ético. Las ideas presentadas aquí buscan empoderar a los usuarios y cuidadores para que tomen decisiones informadas que mejoren tanto la calidad del cuidado como el respeto por la autonomía personal. (shrink)

The project is aimed at an arduous task of precise identification of medicinal plant species with the problem being pertinent in those industries that include botany, Ayurveda, pharmacology, and biomedical research. Most of the traditional identification methods are quite serious challenges for users, researchers, and students because they are usually time-consuming, knowledge-intensive, and prone to human errors. Our proposal develops an advanced web-based application for this process by utilizing state-of-the-art methods in image processing and machine learning. We will create a (...) platform where users can upload or take pictures of plant specimens and obtain accurate identifications and comprehensive medical information by using machine learning algorithms with plant species image datasets. This application is done in a way that the interface would be user-friendly and favor research, identification, and learning, especially for Ayurvedic practitioners, biomedical specialists, botanists, and students. Therefore, our project is aimed at developing an exhaustive and reliable solution for medicinal plant identification and study by overcoming the deficiencies of existing systems, such as a small dataset, poor variable quality, and lack of complete medicinal information. (shrink)

This project focuses on simplifying the legal documentation process for small businessesand individuals in India. Utilizing advanced technologies such as Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and AI-driven models, the system automatically drafts and simplifies complex legaldocuments. The platform features a user-friendly interface for easy input, integration withup-to-date legal resources, and ensures strict data privacy and security. By reducing the time, effort, and potential errors associated with legal documentation, the assistant aims to improve accessibility to legal services and promotegreater access to justice. (...) This documentation provides a comprehensive guide to the design, features, and implementation of the AI-powered solution. (shrink)

Social media has transformedevery communication and posting modality into sharing and expression of opinions. Everyday, an enormous amount of data shared on Twitter, Facebook, Reddit, and Instagram portrays varied emotions that range between positive endorsements and negative criticisms. This is the very aspect of sentiments that make up the core basis through which marketing strategies are developed, along with improvement of customer services and the promotion of brand loyalty for businesses and organizations. Traditional approaches to sentiment analysis will struggle with (...) dynamic and voluminous data from social media, which makes it require very high tools that would be able to analyze them in real-time. (shrink)

Learning programming is thought to be troublesome. One doable reason why students don’t do well in programming is expounded to the very fact that traditional way of learning within the lecture hall adds more stress on students in understanding the Material rather than applying the Material to a true application. For a few students, this teaching model might not catch their interest. As a result, they'll not offer their best effort to grasp the Material given. Seeing however the information is (...) applied to real issues will increase student interest in learning. As a consequence, this may increase their effort to be taught. In the current paper, we try to help students learn C# programming language using Intelligent Tutoring System. This ITS was developed using ITSB authoring tool to be able to help the student learn programming efficiently and make the learning procedure very pleasing. A knowledge base using ITSB authoring tool style was used to represent the student's work and to give customized feedback and support to students. (shrink)

Create a novel network model for mobile ad hoc network (MANET) nodes and actors in wireless sensor networks to collaborate on event processing. There are two stages in the development of distributed algorithms: setup and negotiation. The first uses weighted proportional max-min fairness to initially allocate MANET nodes across event zones, whereas the latter uses a market-based method to re-distribute the number of MANET nodes based on existing and new events. A detection technique for malicious packet dropping attacks in MANETs. (...) The mechanism of the suggested approach is Collaborative Convolutional Neural Network (CCNN), which is based on the reputation value computed for that node by its neighbours. A node's reputation value is determined by its network packet forwarding behaviour. The reputation information is collected, saved, and transferred between nodes before being calculated under various scenarios. A network simulator was used to test the proposed protocol. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of its performance. Even in the presence of cryptographic procedures, our method incurs negligible network bandwidth and latency costs. Moreover, we demonstrate that the protection is still effective in the presence of misbehaving nodes and routing changes caused by mobility. While further research is needed to thoroughly evaluate our method, we feel that the concept of collaborative security in MANETs is a potential future area. (shrink)

Biological evolution is a complex blend of ever changing structural stability, variability and emergence of new phe- notypes, niches, ecosystems. We wish to argue that the evo- lution of life marks the end of a physics world view of law entailed dynamics. Our considerations depend upon dis- cussing the variability of the very ”contexts of life”: the in- teractions between organisms, biological niches and ecosys- tems. These are ever changing, intrinsically indeterminate and even unprestatable: we do not know ahead of (...) time the ”niches” which constitute the boundary conditions on selec- tion. More generally, by the mathematical unprestatability of the ”phase space”, no laws of mo- tion can be formulated for evolution. We call this radical emergence, from life to life. The purpose of this paper is the integration of variation and diversity in a sound concep- tual frame and situate unpredictability at a novel theoretical level, that of the very phase space. Our argument will be carried on in close comparisons with physics and the mathematical constructions of phase spaces in that discipline. The role of symmetries as invariant preserving transformations will allow us to under- stand the nature of physical phase spaces and to stress the differences required for a sound biological theoretizing. In this frame, we discuss the novel notion of ”enablement”. Life lives in a web of enablement and radical emergence. This will restrict causal analyses to differential cases. Mutations or other causal differ- ences will allow us to stress that ”non conservation princi- ples” are at the core of evolution, in contrast to physical dynamics, largely based on conservation principles as sym- metries. Critical transitions, the main locus of symmetry changes in physics, will be discussed, and lead to ”extended criticality” as a conceptual frame for a better understanding of the living state of matter. (shrink)

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) into the research landscape has transforming almost every extending field, including pharmaceutical research. The idea of drug discovery itself is very conventional and has long been criticized for being overly lengthy and expensive, which sometimes may take more than 10 years and billions of dollars to develop a certain drug. AI and ML formulate the future of the drug discovery process by using big data to provide preliminary drug candidates more (...) effectively. This paper overviews the innovations defined by AI and ML in the field of drug discovery, major achievements, techniques, and use cases. Additionally, we explore how AI algorithms can enter biological data, inspect drug-target relations, determine optimal drug design, and potentially recompose famous drugs. This means through using big data with the help of AI in the process of research, previously undisclosed patterns that help in developing effective treatments for patients are found. The paper also addresses the related issues and limitations in applying AI in this domain, namely, data quality issues, the interpretability of AI solutions, and some ethical concerns. Herein, to provide a concrete foundation to the concepts mentioned so far, we discuss the different AI applications and case studies in drug discovery from a survey of the available literature. The article also provides information regarding the methodologies used in AI-enabled drug discovery like deep learning, reinforcement learning, and natural language processing. Moreover, we compare the use of conventional and artificial intelligence methods, while demonstrating what is good and what maybe in both. The results section offers a review and an integration of the most recent objectives and recommendations for subsequent research instruction. Therefore, despite these prohibitive AI and ML forecasts for drug discovery improvement, continuous interaction between computational scientists, biologists, and regulatory authorities is functional to fully unlock this potential. (shrink)

Through an examination of Stack Overflow posts, this study explores Docker-related subjects and difficulties in order to pinpoint common problems and patterns in Docker development. We created an extensive dataset of Docker conversations by utilising both tag-based and content-based filtering techniques. These conversations were categorised using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modelling, which showed that the most common theme is Application Development, which includes topics like Framework Management, Coding Problems, Data Transfer, and Docker-specific frameworks. Because of Docker's strong market presence, (...) developers are very interested in using it to build and manage apps, as evidenced by this dominant category. The study highlights important areas of interest and difficulty within the Docker community and offers insightful information on the many technical and operational problems faced by Docker developers. These findings offer guidance for future research, tool development, and educational resources, aiming to address the evolving needs of Docker practitioners and enhance the overall development experience. (shrink)

In the current digital environment, cyberattacks continue to pose a serious risk and difficulty. Internet of Things (IoT) devices are becoming more and more vulnerable due to security problems like ransomware, malware, poor encryption, and IoT botnets. These flaws may result in ransom demands, data tampering, illegal access, and system risks. Creating strong cybersecurity procedures for contemporary smart environments is essential to resolving these problems. This strategy uses proactive network traffic monitoring to spot any dangers in the Internet of Things (...) ecosystem. Our approach is to improve Smart Environments' security and awareness of potential threats. Two IoT gateways were used to examine the effectiveness and performance of a deep neural network (DNN) model. The results were promising: the model caused an average increase of less than 30 kb/s in network bandwidth and a mere 2% rise in CPU usage. Additionally, memory and power consumption were minimal, with 0.42 GB and 0.2 GB of memory usage for NVIDIA Jetson and Raspberry Pi devices, respectively, and an average 13.5% increase in power consumption per device. The machine learning models achieved nearly 93% detection accuracy and a 92% F1 score on the datasets used. Our framework demonstrates an effective and efficient method for detecting malware and attacks in Smart Environments. (shrink)

Facial Expression conveys non-verbal cues, which plays an important role in interpersonal relations. The Cognitive Emotion AI system is the process of identifying the emotional state of a person. The main aim of our study is to develop a robust system which can detect as well as recognize human emotion from live feed. There are some emotions which are universal to all human beings like angry, sad, happy, surprise, fear, disgust and neutral. The methodology of this system is based on (...) two stages- facial detection is done by extraction of Haar Cascade features of a face using Viola Jones algorithm and then the emotion is verified and recognized using Artificial Intelligence Techniques. The system will take image or frame as an input and by providing the image to the model the model will perform the preprocessing and feature selection after that it will be predict the emotional state. (shrink)

While it seems to be evident that the vision of the eternal return of the same is the solution to the riddle mentioned in "On the vision and the riddle," exactly what constitutes the riddle is anything but clear. Li ke all good riddles the solution demands a paradigm shift. Nietzsche's riddle is solved by a radical rethinking of the concept of time, from a straight line to a circle. I give a detailed account of how Nietzsche's riddle is formulated (...) in such a way tha t the eternal return of the same is the only possible solution. (shrink)

Today’s food industry across the world is facing never-ending difficulties in meeting customers’ expectations of safe and quality food. Such of them include issues to do with contamination, adulteration, and ensuring quality standards of the products when manufactured in large quantities and distributed to different areas. This has called for new solutions, which have come in the form of Artificial Intelligence (AI), which offers solutions to challenges in food safety and quality control in detection, monitoring and management. The present deployment (...) of AI in this field will also be discussed in this paper by virtue of machine learning algorithms, computer vision, industrial robots, and the IoT. With the help of AI, the safety and quality of food products can be improved as well as the food industry can obtain more accurate and real-time data for analysis, maintenance, and risk assessment. The application of AI systems in food safety and quality assurance provides not only reliability and decreased chances of human mistakes but efficiency as well. This paper aims to systematically summarize the current research achievements, methods, and application practices of AI in food safety and quality control. In effect, this paper presents a qualitative case analysis and research evidence that demonstrate the opportunities and risks arising from the implementation of AI technologies in the food sector. The analysis goes further considering the future trends and possible advancements oriented to creating a clear and prospective route for the researchers and specialists in the spheres of AI application for food safety and quality control. (shrink)

In today’s rapidly evolving financial landscape, the adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) technologies, coupled with the deployment of Business Rules Management Systems (BRMS), has transformed how financial transactions are conducted, monitored, and secured. With fraud, particularly in check deposit transactions, becoming increasingly sophisticated, financial institutions are turning to AI and ML to enhance their risk management strategies. This paper explores the integration of AI-driven models and business rules in financial transactions, focusing on their application in fraud (...) detection and prevention. We also examine the associated challenges, such as data privacy, ethical concerns, and the need for regulatory frameworks, while outlining the opportunities that lie ahead for future financial innovation. (shrink)

This project focuses on developing a community-based reporting and monitoring tool to improve women’s safety in colleges and universities. The tool allows users to anonymously report unsafe incidents, harassment, or suspicious activities, with features for immediate alerting to campus authorities and support groups. It integrates GPS tracking for emergencies and data visualization to monitor safety trends. Built using Java, XML, and Android Studio, the platform fosters collaboration between students, faculty, and administrators, encouraging proactive safety measures. By enabling discreet reporting and (...) real-time monitoring, the tool aims to create a safer campus environment for women. (shrink)

The topic of this Handbook entry is the relationship between similarity and dimensional analysis, and some of the philosophical issues involved in understanding and making use of that relationship. Discusses basics of the relationship between units, dimensions, and quantities. It explains the significance of dimensionless parameters, and explains that similarity of a physical systems is established by showing equality of a certain set of dimensionless parameters that characterizes the system behavior. Similarity is always relative -- to some system behavior. Other (...) topics discussed: generalization of the notion of similarity, the difference between relative similarity and partial similarity; how the notion of similarity in science differs from similarity as it has been discussed in recent philosophy. Philosophers' views discussed: R. Giere, N. Goodman, P. Bridgman, and B. Ellis. (shrink)

Kant claims that the transcendental self can be represented as a “feeling of existence” (Gefühl eines Daseins). Some interpreters take this claim to be inconsistent with Kant’s larger theory of self-consciousness. I consider the extent to which two eighteenth-century philosophy texts that Kant knew well - Tetens’ Philosophische Versuche über die menschliche Natur und ihre Entwickelung and Feder’s Logik und Metaphysik - can contribute to our understanding of Gefühl eines Daseins. I point to some continuities between Kant’s characterization of “Gefühl” (...) in Gefühl eines Daseins, and Tetens’ and Feder’s conceptualizations of Selbstgefühl. I show that Gefühl eines Daseins is prima facie consistent with Feder’s clear “I” (or Selbstgefühl) and Tetens’ clear Selbstgefühl; and both Gefühl eines Daseins and clear Selbstgefühl relate to higher cognition. Finally, I discuss whether the notion of Selbstgefühl is compatible with key aspects of Kant’s conceptualization of the self - the transcendental-empirical distinction, and the atemporality of the self. (shrink)

By examining and comparing Gandhi’s statement that the Bihar earthquake of 1934 should be seen as divine punishment for the sin of untouchability with a similar claim in Kant’s writings, I argue that while Gandhi and Kant are, broadly speaking, remarkably similar in the way in which they relate morality, religion, and politics in conceptualising the categories of faith and superstition, they also seem to differ in their vocabularies and the propositional content of their respective moral psychologies. However, if we (...) are committed to dialogue across cultures, then the differences between Gandhi and Kant need not preclude reflective conversation between them. (shrink)

Freud proposes that in unconscious processing, logical connections are also (heavily) based upon phonological similarities. Repressed concerns, for example, would also be expressed by way of phonologic ambiguity. In order to investigate a possible unconscious influence of phonological similarity, 31 participants were submitted to a tachistoscopic subliminal priming experiment, with prime and target presented at 1ms. In the experimental condition, the prime and one of the 2 targets were phonological reversed forms of each other, though graphemically dissimilar (e.g., “nice” and (...) “sign”); in the control condition the targets were pseudo-randomly attributed to primes to which they don’t belong. The experimental task was to “blindly” pick the choice most similar to the prime. ERPs were measured with a focus on the N320, which is known to react selectively to phonological mismatch in supraliminal visual word presentations. The N320 amplitude-effects at the electrodes on the midline and at the left of the brain significantly predicted the participants’ net behavioral choices more than half a second later, while their subjective experience is one of arbitrariness. Moreover, the social desirability score (SDS) significantly correlates with both the behavioral and the N320 brain responses of the participants. It is proposed that in participants with low SDS the phonological target induces an expected reduction of N320 and this increases their probability to pick this target. In contrast, high defensive participants have a perplexed brain reaction upon the phonological target, with a negatively peaking N320 as compared to control and this leads them to avoid this target more often. Social desirability, which is understood as reflecting defensiveness, might also manifest itself as a defense against the (energy-consuming) ambiguity of language. The specificity of this study is that all of this is happening totally out of awareness and at the level of very elementary linguistic distinctions. (shrink)

In this essay, I investigate if self-respect as Robin Dillon conceives of it in her essay “Self-Respect: Moral, Emotional, Political” can be taught if we presuppose Barbara Herman’s theory of moral education. For Dillon, self-respect is a nonpropositionally held and emotionally forged interpretive orientation that determines one’s understanding of oneself. Further, it cannot be reconstituted through reason if it has been damaged. The claim that reason cannot remedy a lack of self-respect in persons is at odds with Herman’s reason-based training (...) in value. I argue that we do not have sufficient grounds to think that Herman’s reason-based training in value cannot help instil Dillon-type self-respect. (shrink)

Andrea Kern contends that perceptual experience is perceptual knowledge if our self-consciously held capacity for perceptual knowledge is “perfectly” actualized. I argue that this view requires further justification. First, Kern is unable to support her claim that an awareness of our self-conscious capacity for perceptual knowledge is “contained” in all our perceptions. Second, Kern’s claim that perception includes the idea of the conditions of perception is potentially inconsistent with her denial that perceptual experience enables perceptual knowledge.

The early detection of cognitive concerns is crucial for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes. However, analyzing large-scale real-world data for cognitive decline presents significant challenges in efficiency and accuracy. This paper introduces an Autonomous AI Framework that leverages machine learning and natural language processing (NLP) to identify cognitive concerns from diverse datasets, including electronic health records (EHRs), social media interactions, and clinical notes. Our approach integrates deep learning models, feature selection techniques, and interpretability methods to enhance detection accuracy and (...) provide actionable insights. Experimental results demonstrate the framework’s effectiveness in identifying early signs of cognitive issues with high precision and recall. (shrink)

The increasing complexity and demands of next-generation networks necessitate the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to enhance their efficiency and security. This article explores advancements in AI-driven communication systems, focusing on optimizing network performance, ensuring robust security measures, and addressing the challenges of scalability and real-time adaptability. By analyzing case studies, emerging technologies, and recent research, this study highlights AI's transformative potential in redefining communication systems for future applications.

In today’s competitive job market, job seekers often struggle to find suitable employment due to limited support and fragmented resources across various platforms. The PGRKAM Web Application addresses these challenges by centralizing employment data into a single, user-friendly platform that enhances job search efficiency. The application consolidates job listings from multiple sources, offers real-time notifications, and provides personalized job recommendations. It is structured with a two-tiered service model: a free version offering access to job listings and essential search features, and (...) a subscription-based version providing advanced support, including performance analysis, personalized training suggestions, and a structured feedback system to continuously improve employability. Optimized for web access and designed to support regional economic growth, the PGRKAM Web Application empowers job seekers with relevant, real-time data, ultimately increasing their chances of securing meaningful employment in Punjab. (shrink)

My aim in this essay is to clarify certain issues relating to Kant’s definition of sensation. I will argue that even though sensation can occur in Kant’s system only if the subject is physiologically affected by some kind of object, Kant defines sensation non-referentially, that is, as relating entirely to the subject without reference to the affecting object. In the process, I will also demonstrate that sensation for Kant is the feeling accompanying the non-durational and obscurely conscious alteration or modification (...) in the representational state of the subject. (shrink)

Definição de IPP da vaca A idade ao primeiro parto (IPP) da vaca, como o próprio nome indica, é a idade em que a vaca tem o seu primeiro parto e, portanto, o seu bezerro(a). Representa o início do retorno econômico do investimento realizado na criação de novilhas. É o ponto de partida onde a vaca começa a produzir descendentes para venda ou reposição e leite para venda, sendo as duas fontes de renda na pecuária de duplo propósito ou dupla (...) aptidão, com criação de raças produtoras de carne e leite. Qual deve ser a IPP da vaca? Para as condições tropicais, espera-se que o primeiro parto da novilha ocorra entre: 29 – 35 meses, o que seria possível se os animais atingissem a gestação aos 20-26 meses de idade. Em condições tropicais, foram relatados valores de idade ao primeiro parto em bovinos mestiços de duplo propósito entre 32 e 48 meses (Aranguren et al., 1993; Rosendo et al., 1993). Isto mostra que existe um amplo valor de melhoria que parece ser basicamente influenciado pela componente nutricional. (shrink)

Employee churn prediction which is closely related to customer churn prediction is a major issue of the companies. In this project, we are applying well-known classification methods including, Decision Tree, Logistic Regression, SVM, KNN, Random Forest, and Naïve Bayes methods on the datasets. Then, we analyse the results by calculating the accuracy and precision of the results. Moreover, we implement a feature selection method on the data and analyze the results with previous ones. The results will lead companies to predict (...) their employees churn status and consequently help them to reduce their human resource costs. (shrink)

This comprehensive article explores the convergence of cloud computing and Java technologies, highlighting their synergistic relationship in modern software development. It examines key concepts in cloud computing, including virtualization, microservices architecture, CI/CD practices, and serverless computing. The article also discusses various cloud service models (SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS), their applications, and essential tools and technologies for cloud development. A financial institution's infrastructure modernization case study illustrates the practical implementation of these concepts, demonstrating how cloud technologies and Java can enhance agility, (...) reliability, cost-efficiency, and innovation in traditional industries. (shrink)

Arguments attempting to debunk moral beliefs, by showing they are unjustified, have tended to be global, targeting all moral beliefs or a large set of them. Popular debunking arguments point to various factors purportedly influencing moral beliefs, from evolutionary pressures, to automatic and emotionally-driven processes, to framing effects. We show that these sweeping arguments face a debunker’s dilemma: either the relevant factor is not a main basis for belief or it does not render the relevant beliefs unjustified. Empirical debunking arguments (...) in ethics can avoid this predicament, but only if they are refocused on highly selective classes of moral belief. Experimental data can combine with familiar consistency reasoning to reveal that like cases are not being treated alike. Selective debunking arguments are unlikely to yield sweeping sceptical conclusions, but they can lead to rational moral change. (shrink)

The problem of measurement in economic models and the possibility of their quantum-mechanical description are considered. It is revealed that the apparent paradox of such a description is associated with a priori requirement of conformity of the model to all the alternatives of free choice of the observer. The measurement of the state of a trader on a stock exchange is formally defined as his responses to the proposals of sale at a fixed price. It is shown that an analogue (...) of Bell's inequalities for this measurement model is violated at the most general assumptions related to the strategy of the trader and requires a quantummechanical description of the dynamics of his condition. In the framework of the theory of weak continuous quantum measurements, the equation of stock price dynamics and the quantum-mechanical generalization of the F. Black and M. Scholes model for pricing options are obtained. The fundamental distinctions between the obtained model and the classical one are discussed. (shrink)

If an AI makes a significant contribution to a research paper, should it be listed as a co-author? The current guidelines in the field have been created to reduce duplication of credit between two different authors in scientific articles. A new computer program could be identified and credited for its impact in an AI research paper that discusses an early artificial intelligence system which is currently under development at Lawrence Berkeley National. One way to imagine the future of artificial intelligence (...) is that it will be much less expensive to develop new technologies than to create new ways of thinking. Now we have done this technology, and now we go and ask why in the end it is the artificial intelligence that takes over? Well, it is not that artificial intelligence is bad, but it is not as effective as human minds or as intelligent as machine minds. Even in the past, when computers were more intelligent than humans, not all the AI programs have been so intelligent as to be intelligent enough to be called intelligent. (shrink)

As the systematic revolution converges computing technologies with Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications, various industries have been transformed, ranging from healthcare to finance. This paper presents an extensive review of the progress achieved through this synergy, alongside the challenges and possible future perspectives. The methodology used in this study is a literature review supported by a theoretical model illustrating the integration of AI with computing. The findings reveal that computational capabilities, data processing speeds, and AI model efficiencies have drastically improved. However, (...) significant roadblocks persist, particularly in data privacy, ethical considerations, and hardware limitations. These challenges underscore the need for addressing the field’s boundless potential for breakthroughs. Existing hurdles, such as the lack of robust regulations, call for timely intervention. As we move forward, this paper emphasizes the necessity for ongoing innovation and the development of comprehensive policies to navigate the evolving landscape. Ultimately, our conclusion highlights the critical importance of preparing for these challenges to fully realize the transformative potential of the AI and computing synergy. (shrink)

A CONSTRUCTIVE CRITIQUE OF THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHILOSOPHY: Abstract of the Ph.D. Dissertation By Ramesh N. Patel June, 1970 -/- Philosophy pursues a rational explication of our understanding, experiences, and values in terms of objective truth and reality. Conspicuously, its view of rationality has been rigid and preconceived. Application of the preconceived reason in the explication of the essential features of our world fails and issues in a network of dialectical tangles. These artificially created tangles pose a unique intellectual (...) challenge, but the perennial failure to resolve them limits the intellectual response of philosophers to remaining caught in the tangles, or to taking intuitively favorable sides, or to simply denouncing the tangles as meaningless. Each is understandable. -/- Superficially, traditional philosophical reason looks like a correct tool for the explication of our world of common sense, but its applications to the world result in logical tangles showing its inadequacy. The philosopher’s faith in such reason ends up in one of two positions: abandoning our world in the interests of such reason, or embodying itself in the world through a special form of reason. Plato took the first and Aristotle took the second position. My analysis shows that Plato failed to explicate the relation between his world of Forms and our world of particulars, and, more importantly, between the Forms and the intuitive reason which grasps them. Aristotle, in my analysis, cannot conceal that the law of noncontradiction is a mere exhortation and has no descriptive necessity with respect to thought, things, or meaning. We also find such dialectical difficulties in Augustine, Hume and Strawson. -/- “Microphilosophical feasibilism” is our proposal for the best treatment, if not the definitive solution, of these problems. Instead of separating philosophical method into logic, epistemology, axiology, and metaphysics on the one side, and partitioning the projected results of philosophizing into validity, truth, valuation, and reality on the other, we need to start philosophizing with a general distinction between “method employed” and “intended result.” This distinction is not pre-colored by claims to ultimate verities. It is a direct aid to understanding. I consider the basic inevitable paradox that a philosopher should explain not only our understanding of experience but also his philosophizing itself. The circularity between “method employed” and “intended result” needs to be admitted as an initial fact about reason rather than circumvented by an implausibly claimed capacity of philosophical reason to formally transcend everything including this circularity. -/- Presuppositions are reduced to a minimum inevitable number. Being our primary microphilosophical criteria, they are reason, experience, and value in their minimal sense. They cannot be plausibly substituted or further reduced. They cannot be preferred one or more to others arbitrarily. We show how, in microphilosophy they coincide or synchronize. Jointly and basically, they form the minimum method employed. The initial, basic, intended result is called minimum feasibility. The fundamental circularity between method and result leaves no way out but to ground self-reference in such a manner that method and result “logico-genetically” coincide. Two extreme situations are avoided: “the logical zero-situation” where nothing is true or real, and “the credulous open situation” where everything is true or real. Finding a mean manifests a basic value. If the meaning of truth and reality is to be preserved, the basic value must have a clear impact and express descriptive rather than revisionary reason. -/- Several other stringent demands are raised as conditions which microphilosophy should fulfil to achieve feasibility. The final, joint, outcome of both “method” and “result,” in the thesis of microphilosophical feasibilism, is formulated thus: Self refers freely and symbolically to itself, own person, own body, material bodies, other persons’ bodies, other persons, and other selves. -/- Ramesh N. Patel Doctor of Philosophy in Philosophy conferred in June, 1970 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, N.M. (shrink)

1. Over the last 50 years or so, and especially over the last few decades, the U.S. and many other societies have undergone a large, rapid, and broad decline in anti-gay attitudes. The magnitude, s...